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ABB AO2000-LS25 Laser analyzer

From: | Author:Wang | Time :2025-06-25 | 4 visit: | Share:
ABB AO2000-LS25 Laser analyzer
Measuring principle
The AO2000-LS25 is an optical instrument for continuous in-situ gas monitoring in  stack, pipes, process chambers or similar and is based on tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS). The AO2000-LS25 utilizes a transmitter/receiver configuration (mounted diametrically opposite each other) to measure the average gas concentration along the line-of-sight path.  


The measuring principle is infrared single-line absorption spectroscopy, which is based on the fact that each gas has distinct absorption lines at specific wavelengths. The measuring principle is illustrated in Figure 1-1. The laser wavelength is scanned across a chosen absorption line of the gas to be measured. The absorption line is carefully selected to avoid cross interference from other (background) gases. The detected light intensity varies as a function of the laser wavelength due to absorption of the targeted gas molecules in the optical path between transmitter and receiver. In order to increase sensitivity the wavelength modulation technique is employed: the laser wavelength is slightly modulated while scanning the absorption line. The detector signal is spectrally decomposed into frequency components at harmonics of the laser modulation frequency. The second harmonics of the signal is used to measure the concentration of the absorbing gas. The line amplitude and line width are both extracted from the second harmonics line shape, which makes the measured concentration insensitive to line shape variations (line broadening effect) caused by background gases.


NOTE: The AO2000-LS25 measures the concentration of only the FREE molecules of the specific gas, thus not being sensitive to the molecules bound with some other molecules into complexes and to the molecules attached to or dissolved in particles and droplets. Care should be taken when comparing the measurements with the results from other measurement techniques.

The transmitter unit contains the laser module with a temperature stabilized diode laser, collimating optics, and the main electronics in a coated Aluminum box.  

The receiver unit contains a focusing lens, the photodetector and the receiver electronics in a coated Aluminum box.  
Both transmitter and receiver units have environmental protection IP66, and the standard optical windows withstand pressures up to 5 bar (absolute pressure). The monitor is installed by assembling the transmitter and receiver units with the supplied purging & alignment units, which in turn are mounted onto the DN50 process flanges. The optical alignment is easy and reliable, and the purging prevents dust and other contamination from settling on the optical windows.


A block diagram of AO2000-LS25 is shown in Figure 1-3.

The power supply unit transforms 100-240V AC to 24 V DC (if 24 VDC is available it can be supplied directly to the transmitter unit). The power supply box is connected to the transmitter box with a cable. The 4-20 mA input signals from external gas temperature/pressure sensors can be connected to the screw terminals inside the power box or directly to the cable connector on the transmitter unit.  


The receiver electronics is connected with the transmitter electronics with a cable.

The detected absorption signal from the photodetector is amplified and transferred to the transmitter unit through this cable. The same cable transfers the required power from the transmitter unit to the receiver unit.  
The transmitter Al box contains the major part of the electronics. The CPU board performs all instrument control and calculation of the gas concentration. The main board incorporates all electronics required for instrument operation such as diode laser current and temperature control and analogue-to-digital signal conversion. A display (LCD) continuously displays the gas concentration, laser beam transmission and instrument status. The RS-232 port can be used for direct serial communication with a PC. The optional Ethernet board provides TCP/IP communication via LAN (local area network), which can be used instead of serial communication. All cable connectors are Phoenix VARIOSUB type and waterproof.


AO2000-LS25 installation

Read thoroughly all instructions prior to installation.
All external parts are made of stainless steel or aluminum. All threads should be lubricated using suitable grease before installation. Both receiver and transmitter units have optical windows installed by the factory. They should not be taken off and their angular positions should not be changed. This is important for successful alignment. Make also sure that power is disconnected or switched off before connecting any cable. Please note that the power plug is thedisconnecting device (no separate mains switch on instrument) and should be placed easily accessible for the operator.
To install the instrument on the process follow the steps below.
Install transmitter alignment and purging unit (5) onto the stack flange with 4 pcs.
M16x60 bolts. All 4 bolts on either side must be tightened firmly to compress the large O-ring.
Adjust the 4 locking screws prior to mounting the unit, to assure good alignment of the unit and a uniform compression of the O-ring.
Install pressurized instrument purging as described.


Open the purging.

Put the window adapter ring (4) on the alignment unit.
Make sure that the O-ring on the alignment unit is tight and greased. The guiding pin on the
alignment unit must fit the hole in the adapter ring.
Affix an O-ring (not greased) to the adapter ring and connect the transmitter unit to the alignment unit. The guiding pin on the adapter ring must fit the hole in the transmitter window. Tighten the transmitter-mounting nut.  
Repeat steps 1-5 for the receiver unit.
Connect the transmitter and receiver units with the corresponding cable (refer to Figure 6-1 for location of receiver connection on transmitter unit).
All connectors are coded with small red pins on the inside.  
Connect external 4-20 mA temperature and pressure probes (ref. Section 6.3 and 6.5).
This is optional as some instruments operate without probes.
Input signals are connected to the terminals in the power supply unit or directly to the terminals in the main power connector at the transmitter unit.
If connected to the power connector the factory-mounted wires should be removed from the terminals in question.
Connect the transmitter and power supply units with the corresponding cable.  
The AO2000-LS25 can now be switched on.  


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