K-WANG
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ABB SPAD 346 Stabilized Differential Relay
ABB SPAD 346 Stabilized Differential Relay
Design
The feeder protection relay is provided with six energizing inputs for phase currents and inputs for residual or neutral currents. The relay is also equipped with nine output relays for CB control, signalling, etc.
The differential relay consists of three protection relay modules, i.e. a differential relay module, an earth-fault relay module and a combined overcurrent and earth-fault relay module. The modules are withdrawable as are the power supply module and the I/O relay module located behind the system front panel.
Differential relay module SPCD 3D53
The differential relay module includes three protection units, i.e. a stabilized differential current unit, an instantaneous differential current unit and a circuit-breaker failure protection unit. In addition, the module contains a disturbance recorder unit.
The stabilized differential current unit constitutes the main differential protection. The unit is provided with second and third harmonic restraint, selectable transformer vector group, zero-sequence current elimination, numerical correction of CT ratios and flexible configuration of tripping, blocking and control signals.
The instantaneous, non-stabilized differential current unit functions as an ultra-fast protection unit with an operate time less than 30 ms at heavy faults. The circuit-breaker failure protection unit is activated by the main trip signal of the other protection units and it provides a second trip signal to be routed to a back-up circuit breaker if the main CB fails to operate.The differential relay module also incorporates a digital disturbance recorder module. The module continuously monitors the object protected and stores pre- and post-fault network information, which can be used for post-fault analysis.
Earth-fault relay module SPCD 2D55
The earth-fault relay module measures the neutral current and/or residual current on both sides of the object protected. The earth-fault protection can be implemented by four different principles, i.e. the high-impedance principle, the numerical stabilized differential current principle, the residual overcurrent principle or the neutral overcurrent principle. Both sides of the object can be protected independent of each other, which means that the protection principle on one side does not have to be the same as that of the other side.
The circuit-breaker failure protection unit is activated by the main trip signal of the protection units and it provides a second trip signal to be routed to a back-up circuit breaker if the main CB fails to operate. The earth-fault relay module also incorporates a digital disturbance recorder module. The module continuously monitors the object protected and stores pre- and post-fault network information, which can be used for post-fault analysis.
Application
The stabilized differential relay SPAD 346 C is designed for protecting two-winding power transformers and generator-transformer units against winding short-circuit, interturn fault, earth fault and short circuit, and generators and motors against interwinding faults and pole short circuit. In addition, the relay can be used for the protection of three-winding power transformers, provided 75% of the short circuit power to the power transformer is supplied from the same direction, and for the protection of compensating chokes and short cable lines.
No interposing transformers are needed for the protection of two-winding power transformers, as the relay allows the vector group matching, the elimination of the zerosequence component of the phase currents and the CT ratio corrections to be carried out numerically
FEATURES
• Integrated three-phase differential relay, three-phase overcurrent relay and multiconfigurable earth-fault relay
• Alarm channels activated by normally open or normally closed contact
• Stabilized differential relay module providing winding short-circuit and interturn fault protection for two-winding power transformers and generator-transformer units, and interwinding short-circuit protection for generators
• Earth-fault relay module providing protection for transformer HV and LV side according to the principle selected: stabilized differential current principle, high-impedance principle, residual current principle or neutral current principle
• Three-stage overcurrent module providing protection for power transformers and generators and two-stage back-up earth-fault protection
• Short operate time even at partial saturation of the current transformers
• Operation characteristic of differential relay module easily adapted for different applications
• Stabilized against unwanted operations at faults occurring outside the protected area and at transformer inrush currents
• Second harmonic restraint for prevention of unwanted relay operations at transformer inrush currents
• Fifth harmonic restraint for prevention of unwanted relay operations at transformer overexcitation. The fifth harmonic restraint can be aborted if the ratio of the fifth harmonic and the basic frequency component rises too high at dangerous overvoltages
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